stunning sensation of DeepSeek
How China created AI model DeepSeek and shocked the world
Government policies, generous funding and a pipeline of AI graduates have helped Chinese firms create advanced LLMs.
中國何以造出DeepSeek AI模型並震撼世界；政府政策、充沛金援，附加AI高材生的加持，協助中國公司建立先進的大型語言模型。
Government priority國家至上政策
In 2017, the Chinese government announced its intention for the country to become the world leader in AI by 2030. It tasked the industry with completing major AI breakthroughs “such that technologies and applications achieve a world-leading level” by 2025.Developing a pipeline of ‘AI talent’ became a priority. By 2022, the Chinese ministry of education had approved 440 universities to offer undergraduate degrees specializing in AI, according to a report from the Center for Security and Emerging Technology (CSET) at Georgetown University in Washington DC. In that year, China supplied almost half of the world’s leading AI researchers, while the United States accounted for just 18%, according to the think tank MacroPolo in Chicago, Illinois.
DeepSeek probably benefited from the government’s investment in AI education and talent development, which includes numerous scholarships, research grants and partnerships between academia and industry, says Marina Zhang, a science-policy researcher at the University of Technology Sydney in Australia who focuses on innovation in China. For instance, she adds, state-backed initiatives such as the National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Learning Technology and Application, which is led by tech company Baidu in Beijing, have trained thousands of AI specialists.
2017年，中國宣布要在2030年成為世界AI領導者；其給與產業界要於2025年完成AI技術與應用程式達到世界領導層級的大突破。
發掘AI人才成為首要任務；據哥倫比亞特區喬治城大學新科技安全中心報導：2022年中國教育部核准440所大專院校可頒發AI專攻學士學位。
根據伊利諾州芝加哥馬可波羅智庫的研究指出：同年，中國資助將近世界上一半優秀的AI開發人員，美國僅有18%。一位來自澳洲雪梨科技大學關注中國創新之科學政策研究人員Marina Zhang說：DeepSeek從政府投資AI教育與人才開發中獲益，上開兩者含有諸多獎學金、研究授權與產官間之合夥。她接著補充說道：例如中國有國家為支柱像國立深度學習技術與應用工程實驗室之新創；該實驗室是由已訓練數千個AI專才之北京百度公司所主持。
Exact figures on DeepSeek’s workforce are hard to find, but company founder Liang Wenfeng told Chinese media that the company has recruited graduates and doctoral students from top-ranking Chinese universities. Some members of the company’s leadership team are younger than 35 years old and have grown up witnessing China’s rise as a tech superpower, says Zhang. “They are deeply motivated by a drive for self-reliance in innovation.”
與DeepSeek職位匹配者難尋，不過公司創辦人梁文鋒告訴媒體說：公司招募頂尖大學學士後及博士畢業生；公司領導階層有些成員不到35歲，可與公司一同成長來見證中國成為科技強權。Marina Zhang說：公司成員深深地被自立更生於創新而激發所鞭策。

Wenfeng, at 39, is himself a young entrepreneur and graduated in computer science from Zhejiang University, a leading institution in Hangzhou. He co-founded the hedge fund High-Flyer almost a decade ago and established DeepSeek in 2023.
39歲的梁文鋒是一位畢業於浙江大學資訊工程學系的年輕企業家；浙江大學係位在杭州的一所著名學校。他也是10年前以避險基金成立幻方量化公司的共同創辦人之一，並於2023年創立深度求索。
Jacob Feldgoise, who studies AI talent in China at the CSET, says national policies that promote a model development ecosystem for AI will have helped companies such as DeepSeek, in terms of attracting both funding and talent.
於CSET（安全與新興技術中心）研究中國AI天賦人的Jacob Feldgoise說道：國家推廣AI模型開發生態系統政策，有助於像DeepSeek這樣的公司吸引金援與才幹加入。
But despite the rise in AI courses at universities, Feldgoise says it is not clear how many students are graduating with dedicated AI degrees and whether they are being taught the skills that companies need. Chinese AI companies have complained in recent years that “graduates from these programmes were not up to the quality they were hoping for”, he says, leading some firms to partner with universities.
Feldgoise 說道：盡管大學開設AI課程增加，但有多少大學生憑真才實學取得AI學位仍不明確，亦無法確知所學是否為公司所用。中國AI公司最近幾年抱怨連連，取得學位之畢業生往往達不到這些與大學建教合作之頂尖公司的要求。